Korean Red Ginseng extract reduces hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by repressing NF-¥êB and ERK1/2 pathways in colon cancer
Journal of Ginseng Research 2018³â 42±Ç 3È£ p.288 ~ p.297
±èÀÇÁÖ(Kim Eui-Joo) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
±Ç±¤¾È(Kwon Kwang-An) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
ÀÌ¿µÀº(Lee Young-Eun) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
±èÁÖÇö(Kim Ju-Hyun) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
±è¼¼Èñ(Kim Se-Hee) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Gachon Medical Research Institute
±èÁ¤È£(Kim Jung-Ho) - Gachon University Gil Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine
Abstract
Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing, with metastasis of newly diagnosed CRC reported in a large proportion of patients. However, the effect of Korean Red Ginseng extracts (KRGE) on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC is unknown. Therefore, we examined the mechanisms by which KRGE regulates EMT of CRC in hypoxic conditions.
Methods: Human CRC cell lines HT29 and HCT116 were incubated under hypoxic (1% oxygen) and normoxic (21% oxygen) conditions. Western blot analysis and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the expression of EMT markers in the presence of KRGE. Furthermore, we performed scratched wound healing, transwell migration, and invasion assays to monitor whether KRGE affects migratory and invasive abilities of CRC cells under hypoxic conditions.
Results: KRGE-treated HT29 and HCT116 cells displayed attenuated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels and hypoxia-inducible factor-1¥á (HIF-1¥á) protein expression under hypoxic conditions. KRGE repressed Snail, Slug, and Twist mRNA expression and integrin ¥áV¥â6 protein levels. Furthermore, hypoxia-repressed E-cadherin was restored in KRGE-treated cells; KRGE blocked the invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by repressing NF-¥êB and ERK1/2 pathways in hypoxia.
Conclusions: KRGE inhibits hypoxia-induced EMT by repressing NF-¥êB and ERK1/2 pathways in colon cancer cells.
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colon cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia-inducible factors, Korean Red Ginseng extract, Panax ginseng Meyer
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À¯È¿¼º°á°ú(Recomendation)
KRGE inhibits hypoxia-induced EMT by repressing the activation of NF-¥êB and ERK1/2 pathways in colon cancer cells and may be potentially beneficial in the treatment of colon cancer.